Sustainable management of p requires prudent tempering of agronomic practices, recognizing that additional steps are often required to reduce the downstream impacts of most production systems. The eutrophication of aquatic systems due to diffuse pollution of agricultural phosphorus p is a local, even regional, water quality problem that can be found worldwide. Recent agricultural water management articles elsevier. Needelman is an assistant professor at the university of maryland, college park, maryland. This fact sheet identifies published materials describing agricultural drainage and provides. Moreover, to assess the drainage water quality and its suitability for direct reuse in.
Citescore values are based on citation counts in a given year e. Evaluating a subsurface drainage project and its alternatives. Water quality zsources of water pollution highway, airport, or railroad runoff solids, nutrients, heavy metals, oil, and grease flooding construction zimpacts change in surface drainage change in quality of surrounding water bodies level and quality of ground water wetland and wildlife habitat zlegislation and. Hence, the quality of drainage water must be considered before we can assess its real potential for irrigation. Pdf improved management of agricultural drainage ditches. Increasingly, agricultural drainage is being targeted as a conduit for pollution, particularly nutrient pollution needelman et al. Agricultural drainage, bulletin 87198 beneficial and. Drainage water management is one of these practices and is described in this fact sheet. Planning and designing drainage systems to protect and enhance water quality. Flash board risers allow flexibility in manual management of the drainage water.
In many areas of colorado, irrigation water quality can influence crop productivity more than soil fertility, hybrid, weed control and other factors. Irrigation water quality criteria spectrum technologies. Managing agricultural phosphorus for water quality. Agricultural water is concerned with making water available and accessible for agricultural purposes. A major limitation to their use is their increased level of salt, relative to irrigation water. One solution to shortages is use of agricultural, industrial, and municipal waste waters for agriculture, municipal parks and recreational areas, and other green spaces. Agricultural management practices for water quality. Pdf agricultural drainage water quality analysis and its suitability. Appropriate sanitation alternatives, a planning and design manual. Agricultural salinity assessment and management books.
Onfarm source control reuse of drainage water disposal and management of drainage water in closed basins water table management. Irrigation water quality standards and salinity management. Hornbuckleb ausdaars, 9611 south riverbend avenue, parlier, ca 93648, united states bcsiro, land and water, grif. Welcome to the agricultural management practices for water quality protection module. Nowadays restricted water resources having acceptable quality has resulted into the reuse of low quality water such as agricultural drainage water in these areas. Southeast research and demonstration farm matt helmers, l. Simply put, good agricultural water management means using water in a way that provides crops and animals the amount of water they need, enhances productivity, and conserves natural resources for the benefit of downstream users and ecosystem services.
Improving water and nutrient use efficiency with drainage. American agriculture is noted worldwide for its high productivity, quality, and ef. Iueinman is a soil sci entist at the pasture systems and watershed management research unit, usda agricultural. Welcome to the water quality index for runoff water from agricultural fields wqiag. Guyer for the water quality guidelines for livestock. Status, conditions, and trends figure 11 changes in soil quality affect water quality figure 21 the nitrogen cycle 18 figure 2. An overview article in journal of soil and water conservation 624 july 2007 with 49 reads how we measure reads. Prospective strategy for improving quality of agricultural.
Impacts of agricultural practices on soil and water. Drainage is an important management practice for improving water quality while sustaining agricultural viability. Agricultural drainage water management systems for. Water is limited in many parts of the united states. Improved management of agricultural drainage ditches for water quality protection article pdf available in journal of soil and water conservation 624 november 2006 with 340 reads.
Drainage water management journal of soil and water. Since drainage land drainage is necessary not only for the removal of excess surface water or groundwater but also for removing salts from the soil, a precise definition of. There are many factors that have an impact on water quality. For more generalised information regarding drainage water quality and its management the following text is recommended. With this controlled system that limits the amount of water drained from the field, nutrient loads can also be reduced by as much as 45% or more, according to usdas natural resources conservation service nrcs, which is promoting managed drainage as a way to improve water quality in the u. Pdf drainage water management for water quality protection. Water resources control board through the award of a clean water act section 319h grant to educate farmers and to train professionals about ifdm implementation. Answers given here apply specifically to midwest corn and soybean cropping systems, and not to perennial or winter annual crops. Wellfunctioning drainage ditches also can provide many services to the watershed including protecting valuable downstream resources such as lakes, rivers, and estuaries. New rockwool and perlite are pathogenfree and do not themselves provide nutrients to the crop.
When improperly managed however, activities from working farms and ranches can affect water quality. Pdf in egypt, the major challenge facing the sustainable requirements for agricultural. In proceedings of the xvii world congress of the international commission of agricultural engineering, quebec city, canada, june 17, 2010. Oda water quality specialists work with the agricultural landowners, and other stakeholders, who serve as local advisory committee lac members for each management area. Water quality impacts from agricultural land use in karst. Some of the main ones are geogenic and anthropogenic factors. A spreadsheet by county for each state with the acres with potential for drainage water management is also. Effect of irrigation water quality on soil salinity, permeability and toxicity 77 crop salt tolerance levels for different crops 78 conveyance ec, field canal eb, distribution ed and field application efficiency ea 80 relation between soil water tension in bars atmospheres and available soilwater in. Th e lectures on drainage for agriculture deal with drainage of agricultural lands with special emphasis o n irrigated agriculture.
Insitu treatment of agricultural drainage water using industrial byproduct phosphorus sorbing materials. Water quality impacts from agricultural land use in karst drainage basins of sw kentucky and sw china ted w. Agriculture drainage research and demonstration site gilmore city matt helmers this publication discusses the results of infield nutrient management practice research conducted at the iowa state university agriculture drainage research and demonstration site in. Water quality is becoming increasingly important as we move into the future. The reuse of agricultural drainage water in irrigation has been started in 1930 alongside the construction of drainage projects in egypt elquosy, 1989. Prepared by the water quality and drainage committee of the irrigation and drainage council of the environmental and water resources institute of asce. Water draining off a farm, whether from subsurface drains or. Rural drainage systems ohio dnr division of water resources.
Agricultural salinity assessment and management, second edition, considers worldwide salinity and trace element management in. These practices are often called best management practices, or bmps. Gregory brenneman this publication discusses the results of infield nutrient management practice research conducted at the iowa state university southeast research and demonstration farm. Each lac identifies local agricultural water quality. The situation leaves ohios agricultural producers, rural residents and communities, as well as our economy and environment at risk.
Water quality impacts and subsurface drainage studies in the midwest. Management systems evaluation areas pg 18 ohio state university extension bulletin 871. American society of agricultural and biological engineers. Agricultural drainage management, qualityand disposal issues in north americay chandra a. Agricultural drainage, bulletin 87198 beneficial and adverse water quality impacts of drainage the reduction in sediment loss by water erosion from a site ranges between 16 to 65%. Rural drainage systems rural drainage systems are too often a forgotten and failing infrastructure. Drainage average yield buac drainage water management average yield buac % yield difference davis 155 161 3. The amounts of drainage water reused annually were 3. Enhancing agriculture drainage water quality to improve water use. Potential water quality impact of drainage water management in the midwest usa. In the following, the environmental impacts associated with drainage discharge both positive and negative are briefly described. Controlled drainage for improved water management in arid regions irrigated agriculture j. This webbased software application was designed to provide a simple, convenient way to express multiple water quality parameters into a single, easy to understand value. Study objectives were to examine the influence of routine mowing of vegetated ditches on nutrient.
These uses would offset the demand for drinkable water. The ohio state university drainage water management keep nutrients and moisture in. A complete water quali ty analysis will include the deter mination of. The terms drainage, land drainage, agricultural drainage and field drainage are used as synonyms in practice. This training unit introduces eight basic types of agricultural practices that are suitable for reducing or minimizing water quality impacts, as part of an overall watershed approach. Improved management of agricultural drainage ditches for water. Design suggestions and greenhouse management for vegetable production in perlite and rockwool.
The use of drainage water and saline water in agriculture requires different management practices on the farm, such as increasing the efficiency of water use. W hen irrigation is introduc ed in an area to improve c rop. Karst regions are composed of soluble rock, often limestone, which leads to the formation of fissures, sinkholes, and water flow conduits such as caves. Drainage water quality impacts of various infield nutrient management practices. The three primary conservation tillage practices are designed to limit tilling requirements while maintaining a crop residue on the soil surface. Controlled drainage for improved water management in arid. Managing agricultural drainage waters to protect water quality joshua m. Improved management of agricultural drainage ditches for. Sustainable water management in agriculturethe impact. The way that agricultural practices impact soil and water quality is driven by strong interactions among biological, physical, chemical, socioeconomic, and political factors. Improved management of agricultural drainage ditches for water quality protection. Drainage and water quality in great lakes and cornbelt states core. Journal of environmental management 912010 17851793.
Conservation tillage conservation tillage practices are used in crop production to reduce negative effects on soil, water, and air quality. Units, terms and sampling numerous parameters are used to define irrigation water quality, to assess salinity hazards, and to determine appropriate management strategies. Papers in these categories must draw direct and practical linkages to agricultural water management. Agricultural drainage management strategies to improve. Managing agricultural drainage waters to protect water quality. Department of agriculture usda prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status.
Drainage systems are integral parts of agricultural landscapes and have the ability to intercept nutrient loading from runoff to surface water. Introduction subsurface drainage is used in both humid and arid areas to. Drainage water management can improve water quality by reducing the quantity of nutrient enriched drainage water leaving fields, and can provide production benefits by extending the period of time when soil water is available to plants. This study investigated nutrient removal efficiency within replicated experimental agricultural drainage ditches during a simulated summer runoff event. State maps depicting acres that may be suitable for drainage water management and maps showing a summary of acres suitable for drainage water management by county for each focus state. Water quality the benefits of ditches extend way beyond drainage and production. Additional topics of interest include interactions between agricultural water management and the environment flooding, soil erosion, nutrient loss and depletion, nonpoint source pollution, water quality, desertification, and the potential implications of global climate change for agricultural water management, and the institutional and. These measures involve variable combinations of irrigation, drainage and flood control, water conservation and storage, onfarm water management, and institutional support to. Agricultural drainage water management in arid and semiarid areas. Drainage water management and nutrient control through. Criteria for drainage water quality are based on end. This reduction relates to the reduction in total runoff and peak runoff rate.
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